42. Nutritional, physicochemical, antimicrobial and DPPH free radical scavenging potential of the biotech and conventional hybrids of seeds and seed oils from Gossypium hirsutum L.
Abstract
This comparative study investigated the differences in the proximate and mineral composition of seed and fatty acid profiles, physiochemical, antimicrobial properties, and antioxidant characteristics of seed oils of FH-942 (NBt) and MNH-886 (Bt) of Gossypium Hirsutum (upland cotton). Proximate analysis of seeds of both the hybrids showed ash content (7.74% conventional & 6.69% BT), crude fat (14.4% conventional & 12.2% BT), crude protein (29.9% conventional & 28.49% BT) and organic compounds like alkaloids of the conventional hybrid being comparatively better than the biotech hybrid. The carbohydrates and crude fiber of the Bt variety were on the higher side. The Bt genotype had comparatively higher content of calcium, copper and manganese. The physical properties of the crude oil showed density (g/ml) 1.046 & 1.119, specific gravity 0.981 & 1.043, and refractive index 1.467 & 1.468 for conventional and biotech variety respectively. Chemical properties of the crude oils indicated iodine value (conventional 101.2, BT 95.2g of I2/100g of oil), Saponification value (conventional 189.28, BT 175.30mg of KOH/g oil) of the conventional hybrid was better than the biotech hybrid. Fatty acid composition from both genotypes showed insignificant variations except for linoleic acid and linolenic acid being significantly higher in MNH-886. Crude oil of both the hybrids showed lower antibacterial activity against streptomycin and good antifungal potential. Oils of both the hybrids also showed good antioxidant potential in DPPH free radical scavenging indicating greater potentials of both varieties to be used as an edible oil & in the manufacturing of various industrial products.
Keywords: Antibacterial activity; Antifungal activity; Antioxidant potential; Fatty acids composition; Physico-chemical properties; Proximate compositio
