Impact of gamma radiations on wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) varieties (Batoor and Janbaz)
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Abstract
The present investigation was carried out to evaluate the effect of different doses of gamma rays (15, 25, 35 and 45 Krad) on various morphological and biochemical parameters of two wheat varieties (Batoor and Janbaz). A comparison of the results of different doses with control showed that gamma irradiations significantly affected various parameters. Days to germination were non-significantly delayed in Batoor while significantly decreased at 45 Krad in Janbaz. Germination percentage decreased significantly at 15 Krad in both varieties. Days to spike initiation significantly decreased at 45 Krad in Batoor but increased significantly at 45 Krad in Janbaz variety. Days to spike maturation were increased significantly at 45 Krad in both varieties. Plant height increased significantly at 15 Krad but decreased expressively at 25 Krad and 35 Krad in Batoor. In Janbaz plant height increased significantly at 45 Krad but decreased at 35 Krad. Number of nodes/plant decreased significantly at various doses in Batoor. While in Janbaz number of nodes/plant increased significantly at 15 Krad. Gamma radiation significantly increased number of fertile tillers/plant at 15 Krad in Batoor and at 45 Krad in Janbaz. Number of spikes/plant increased significantly at 15 Krad in Batoor and at 45 Krad in Janbaz. Number of spikelets/spike increased at 15 Krad in Batoor while a decreasing trend was seen in Janbaz with increasing doses. Spike length was non-significantly affected by gamma radiation in Batoor variety. However spike length was significantly increased at 45 Krad in Janbaz. Number of grains/spike increased significantly at 15 Krad in Batoor but decreased significantly at higher doses in both varieties. 1000 grain weight significantly increased at 45 Krad in Batoor and at 15 Krad and 25 Krad in Janbaz. Biochemical analysis revealed that gamma irradiation decreased the ash contents significantly at all the doses in both varieties. Moisture contents decreased significantly in Batoor through gamma irradiation except at 45 Krad which showed non-significant effect. However, in Janbaz moisture contents increased significantly at 25 Krad. Proteins contents were non-significantly decreased in Batoor, while in Janbaz, proteins contents decreased significantly at 35 Krad.
Keywords: Gamma irradiation; Morphology; Biochemical; Batoor; Janbaz