Comparative study on total ear canal ablation and lateral bulla osteotomy in dog
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Abstract
Both otitis externa and otitis interna are creating major health issues in dogs, especially in pet dogs. Hence, it is now assured that if such animals are not managed surgically, they may lead to death. Therefore, to save the lives of affected animals they are required to be treated by TECA and LBO procedures to resolve ear disease that’s why this research was conducted on eight male dogs, and they were randomly divided into two groups, respectively A & B by placing four male dogs in each group. In group A, Total Ear Canal Ablation (TECA) and in group B, Lateral Bulla Osteotomy (LBO) procedures were performed. A (T-shape) incision was made using all aseptic precautions. The physiological parameters of group A, TECA, and group B, LBO, especially rectal temperature, heart rate, and respiratory rate were noted. The results of this experiment showed that two different surgical procedures were performed on each dog's ear to find out the best procedure for the treatment of otitis in dogs. In group A, the procedure TECA was performed on four dogs, and the results showed that 4 out of 4 male dogs were found best after surgery and no significant complications were observed. Whereas, the duration of surgery was less in group A (67.25 min), and a longer duration was recorded in group B (88.25 min). The numerical rating scale (0-3) was used for the assessment of clinical parameters. The postoperative hemorrhage, abscess, incisional drainage, vestibular signs, and pina necrosis complications were recorded as minimum in group A TECA and maximum in group B LBO. There was no facial nerve paralysis complication recorded in group A TECA, but a temporary complication was present in one dog of group B LBO. Significantly maximum skin wound healing days were recorded in group B LBO, and achieved on day 18, while the minimum skin wound healing days were recorded in group A TECA, and achieved on day 14. The significantly maximum post-operative swelling score was recorded in group B LBO (107.25 mm) after 12 hours of surgery, while the minimum post-operative swelling score was recorded in dogs of group A TECA (18.75 mm) after 48 hours of surgery, and significantly varied with each other in different time intervals. Significantly higher Hemoglobin, RBCs, and Platelets were recorded in Group A (12.22 Hb g/dl), (5.60 m/mm3), (524 P/mcl) and WBCs were higher in Group B (22 thousand/mm3) after four days of surgery. It is concluded that total ear canal ablation is an effective surgical technique for the solution of otitis interna (internal ear swelling), otitis media (internal ear swelling), and otitis externa (external ear swelling) in dogs. TECA procedure is inexpensive it can be performed smoothly and its beneficial and economical to the scientific community.
Keywords: Complications; Dog; LBO; Otitis Externa; Pakistan; TECA