02. Callus induction and plant regeneration from immature embryos of spring wheat varieties (Triticum aestivum L.) under different concentrations of growth regulators through tissue culture technique
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Abstract
This experiment was conducted at Nuclear Institute of Agriculture, Tandojam and Sindh Agriculture University Tandojam. Various concentrations of growth regulators comprising 2, 4-D (2, 4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid), Picloram, (Pic), 1-Naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), Kinetin (Kin), Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), Indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) and 6-Benzylaminopurine (BAP) were used in this study. The observations recorded were weight of proliferation bottle-1, weight of callus bottle-1, number of plantlets regeneration bottle-1 and number of roots plant-1. The result of experiment indicated that maximum proliferation and callus induction were recorded with concentration of MS + 2 mg /L 2, 4-D, followed with MS + 2 mg /LPicloram, while maximum plant regeneration with concentration of MS + IAA 6.0 mg /L + 6.0 mg /L Kin, followed by MS + IAA 5.0 mg /L + 4.0 mg /L Kin. However, maximum roots were recorded with MS + IBA 2.0 mg /L + 30 g/L, followed by under concentration of MS + IBA 2.0 mg /L + 20 g/L. It was concludedthat2, 4-D was best for proliferation and callus induction, while the concentration of MS + IAA 5.0 mg /L + 4.0 mg /L Kin+ 30 g/L for plant regeneration and MS + IBA 2.0 mg /L + 30 g/L were found best concentration for root induction. This research is reliable for the different effects of the phytohormones and the production of multiples of plants in the absence of seeds or necessary pollinators to produce seeds development of somaclone plants.
Keywords: Wheat varieties; Callus induction; Regeneration; Rooting