12. Prevalence of breast cancer and comparative analysis of invasive ductal carcinoma, invasive lobular carcinoma and mucinous carcinoma in Punjab (Faisalabad)
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Abstract
Cancer incidence and mortality rates are increasing rapidly in Asian region. Breast cancer is the most common malignancy throughout the world and might be related to various social, cultural, environmental life style related habits along with many other factors. There is plenty of research work on medical side of this cancer in Pakistan but it is deficient on epidemiological studies. 468 patients were analyzed for all types of breast disease. 129 patients (27.56 %) out of 468 were found for lump case and 37 patients (28.6%) out of 129 were found for all other types of cancer. Invasive ductal carcinoma (breast cancer antigen NY-BR-49, protein 1), invasive lobular carcinoma (E-cadherin, protein 2), and mucinous carcinoma (heregulin, a specific activator, protein 3) were analyzed for sequential comparison. Protparam, SOPMA, REP, protein colourer and Compute PI/MW tools were used to analyze breast cancer types, invasive ductal carcinoma, invasive lobular carcinoma and mucinous carcinoma. Structure of band forming between one amino acid and other further along the chain, phi and psi angles of each residue in a random coil were found to be independent of phi, psi torsion angles of every other residue. Only tryptophan and tyrosine amino acids, to a lesser extent cysteine contribute significantly to peptide at 280 nm absorbance, phenylalanine absorbs only at lower wavelengths (240 nm to 265 nm). The instability index was found to be lower than 40 only for E-cadherin. REP showed that all three proteins had their own characteristics and repeated fragments hence different functions. Mucinous carcinoma was found to be the rare type of cancer.
Keyword: Breast cancer; types; prevalence; comparative analysis