01. Eco-friendly bacterial biodegradation of mycotoxins

Abstract

Mycotoxins are the secondary metabolites of some fungal species, produced during harsh conditions. It contaminates food and feed resulting in some serious illness of animals and humans. The combining effect of different mycotoxin has been reported to produce an additional threat to human health. It is reported that some chemicals such as fusaproliferin, beauvericin, and fusarin enhance the activity of mycotoxin. The route of transmission of these fungi is either air or insects, while a delay in harvesting may also increase the chance of contaminations in different food and feeds. The most common mycotoxin in feed is Aflatoxin, Fumonisin, Ochratoxin, Zearalenone and Deoxynivalenol. The biosynthesis of all these mycotoxins is highly influenced by the source of carbon and modulating differentiation of light. The aflatoxin is produced when the formation of fatty acid is interrupted. Many approaches have been developed for controlling mycotoxin have used physical, chemical and biological methods. Physical and chemical degradation of mycotoxins is thought to be unsuitable due to its effect on nutrition composition and the production of some comparatively more toxic compounds. Biodegradation is one of the safest methods for controlling mycotoxin. Biodegradation with environment friendly microorganisms is the focus of the current review. Rhodococcus, Bacillussubtilis, Bacilluslichenoformis, Actinobacteria, and rumen fluid bacteria are the important bacterial species used for biodegradation of different types of mycotoxins.

Keywords: Biocontrol; Biotransformation; Decontamination; Detoxification

Mycotoxins are the secondary metabolites of some fungal species, produced during harsh conditions. It contaminates food and feed resulting in some serious illness of animals and humans. The combining effect of different mycotoxin has been reported to produce an additional threat to human health. It is reported that some chemicals such as fusaproliferin, beauvericin, and fusarin enhance the activity of mycotoxin. The route of transmission of these fungi is either air or insects, while a delay in harvesting may also increase the chance of contaminations in different food and feeds. The most common mycotoxin in feed is Aflatoxin, Fumonisin, Ochratoxin, Zearalenone and Deoxynivalenol. The biosynthesis of all these mycotoxins is highly influenced by the source of carbon and modulating differentiation of light. The aflatoxin is produced when the formation of fatty acid is interrupted. Many approaches have been developed for controlling mycotoxin have used physical, chemical and biological methods. Physical and chemical degradation of mycotoxins is thought to be unsuitable due to its effect on nutrition composition and the production of some comparatively more toxic compounds. Biodegradation is one of the safest methods for controlling mycotoxin. Biodegradation with environment friendly microorganisms is the focus of the current review. Rhodococcus, Bacillussubtilis, Bacilluslichenoformis, Actinobacteria, and rumen fluid bacteria are the important bacterial species used for biodegradation of different types of mycotoxins.

Keywords: Biocontrol; Biotransformation; Decontamination; Detoxification

Mycotoxins are the secondary metabolites of some fungal species, produced during harsh conditions. It contaminates food and feed resulting in some serious illness of animals and humans. The combining effect of different mycotoxin has been reported to produce an additional threat to human health. It is reported that some chemicals such as fusaproliferin, beauvericin, and fusarin enhance the activity of mycotoxin. The route of transmission of these fungi is either air or insects, while a delay in harvesting may also increase the chance of contaminations in different food and feeds. The most common mycotoxin in feed is Aflatoxin, Fumonisin, Ochratoxin, Zearalenone and Deoxynivalenol. The biosynthesis of all these mycotoxins is highly influenced by the source of carbon and modulating differentiation of light. The aflatoxin is produced when the formation of fatty acid is interrupted. Many approaches have been developed for controlling mycotoxin have used physical, chemical and biological methods. Physical and chemical degradation of mycotoxins is thought to be unsuitable due to its effect on nutrition composition and the production of some comparatively more toxic compounds. Biodegradation is one of the safest methods for controlling mycotoxin. Biodegradation with environment friendly microorganisms is the focus of the current review. Rhodococcus, Bacillussubtilis, Bacilluslichenoformis, Actinobacteria, and rumen fluid bacteria are the important bacterial species used for biodegradation of different types of mycotoxins.

Keywords: Biocontrol; Biotransformation; Decontamination; Detoxification

http://dx.doi.org/10.19045/bspab.2020.90181