79. Effect of municipal solid waste application on heavy metal distribution in different parts of wheat plant

Abstract

The aim of current research was conducted during (November 2016-April 2017)  to determine the contents of heavy metal in wheat (Triticum aestivum) variety (Faislabad-08) that was grown on soil irrigated with municipal solid waste and to estimate the health risk in human caused by the consumption of contaminated wheat crop. In the observed samples of soil, the concentrations (mg-kg^-1) of metals ranges from 22.76-35.46 for Zn, 2.18-3.18 for Co, 2.51-3.18 for Cd and 78.89-84.63 for Fe. In recent findings the concentration of Fe was higher among all the treatments while lowest concentrations of metals were shown by Cd and Co both. The trends of heavy metals in root of wheat at T-1, T-2 and T-3 was: Fe>Zn>Co>Cd and at T-4 was: Fe>Zn>Cd>Co. The concentrations of heavy metals in shoot ranged from 17.56-28.98 for Zn, 1.54-2.8 for Co, 1.88-2.92 for Cd and 17.74-27.42 for Fe respectively. The concentration of Fe showed higher concentration while the concentration of Co and Cd was lower in all treatments. The order of concentrations of heavy metals in grains at T-1 was Fe>Cd>Co>Zn, at T-2 was Fe>Zn>Co>Cd, at T-3 and T-4 was Fe>Co>Zn>Cd. Zn and Cd concentrations were lower and Fe concentration was higher among the all treatments. The health risk index values for each metal ranges from 0.01573 to 0.035067 for Zn, 0.139953 to 0.262767 Co, 6.624 to 8.831 for Cd and 0.057577 to 0.169517 for Fe while the patterns of health risk index in all treatments was found in following order: Cd>Co>Fe>Zn.

Keywords: Heavy metals; Municipal solid waste; Transfer factor; Triticum aestivum

http://dx.doi.org/10.19045/bspab.2020.90089